A Review Of arthritis rheumatoide


Around the world, more people suffer from the inability of their immune systems to distinguish between healthy cells or invading microorganisms. The defenses against diseases that were once protecting them are now attacking their organs and tissues.




Major international research efforts are being conducted to stop this trend. A London-based initiative, the Francis Crick Institute, has two world-class experts. James Lee & Carola Vinuesa set up distinct research teams to figure out the root causes of the autoimmune condition.


The number of cases of autoimmune diseases started to rise around 40 years ago in the west, Lee told the Observer. But, we're now witnessing some cases emerge in countries that had never seen these diseases prior to.


For instance, the Middle East/east Asia has seen the largest recent rise in inflammatory-bowel disease cases. They had never before seen the disease.


Type 1 diabetes can be accompanied by rheumatoid and multiple sclerosis. In each case, your immune system becomes confused and shifts to healthy tissue over infectious agents.


There are at least 4 million people suffering from autoimmune diseases in the UK as well as some suffering from multiple. Globally, it's estimated that the incidence of autoimmune diseases is rising at a rate of between 3%-9% per annum. Researchers believe that environmental triggers play a major role in this rise.


Lee, who was previously located in Cambridge University, stated that genetics have not changed in the last few decades. There must be a change in the outside world and it's increasing our susceptibility to an autoimmune disorder.


The idea was supported by Vinuesa, who was previously an instructor at the Australian National University. She noted that there were changes in the diet as more people ate western-style meals, as well as increased consumption of fast food.


Vinuesa indicated that the lack of some essential ingredients in fast-food food can result in a decrease in the intake of vital nutrients, such as fiber.


These changes in microbiomes lead to autoimmune disorders. There are over 100 types.


Both researchers said that certain people have a higher risk of getting these diseases. These include celiac as well as Lupus, which can cause swelling and inflammation, and cause damage to various organs including the heart.


Vinuesa said "If you don’t have a genetic susceptibility to autoimmune diseases there is no guarantee that you'll get one, no matter how many Big Macs you consume." "We are unable to slow the growth of fast-food restaurants across the globe. Instead, we're trying to understand the genetic mechanisms behind the condition and how people are susceptible to it. This is the way we intend to solve the problem."


With the development of technology, scientists are in a position to detect tiny differences between individuals' DNA. This is the way it's possible to determine common genetic patterns for those with an auto-immune disease.


Lee explained that until recently , we did not have the tools to sequence DNA. But now, we have this amazing power and it has changed everything. My research revealed that Check out there were about six DNA variants that were involved in the trigger of inflammatory bowel diseases. Now, there are over 250.


This is the heart of the research conducted by Lee and Vinuesa. They are trying to understand the different ways that genetic pathways work and uncover the various kinds of diseases that doctors are currently studying. Vinuesa said that there are numerous types of autoimmune diseases such as Lupus. If you're trying to determine the most effective treatment for your condition, this can be a problem.


We are blessed with a wealth of useful new therapies that are being developed constantly However, we don't know the patients they should give the treatments, as we've come to realize that we aren't sure of the type of disease they suffer from. This is the reason why research on autoimmune disease has become a major focus. So that we can deliver the best treatment it is essential to be able to group and categorize patients.


Lee stressed that the rising incidence of autoimmune diseases around the globe meant that new drugs and treatments were urgently needed. There are no current treatments for autoimmune disease that are most often seen in young people, while they're trying to get their first job, finish the school year, and also raise their families.


It means more people are going to need surgery, or will require regular injections for the rest their lives. It can be grim for patients and a massive burden on health care services. It is therefore essential to come up with effective and novel methods of treatment.


Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune-mediated disorder. It's unclear the reason behind this.


Your immune system produces antibodies that fight against viruses and bacteria, which helps you fight infections.


If you suffer from Rheumatoid arthritis, your immune systems mistakenly transmits antibodies to your joints in the lining, which attack the surrounding tissues.


The tiny layer of cells (synovium) that covers your joints to become swollen and inflamed, releasing chemicals that cause damage to nearby joints:


bones

Cartilage is the connective tissue between bones.

Tendons are the connective tissue that connects bone to muscle.

ligaments, the tissue that connects bone and cartilage

If rheumatoid arthritis does not get treated, these chemicals gradually make the joint lose its shape and alignment. This can lead to total destruction of the joint.


While there are many theories about how the immune system is attacking joints, none has been proved.


Possible risk factors



You may be more at the risk of developing rheumatoidarthritis when you perform the following:


It is possible to inherit it through your genes. There are indications that rheumatoid arthritis could be passed through families however, the odds of getting it are slim because genes play only a tiny role Read More in the disease.

hormones. Rheumatoid arthritis is more prevalent among women than men, which could be due to effects of the hormone estrogen, although this link has not been proven

Smoking cigarettes - There is evidence that those who smoke are more likely develop rheumatoid arthritis.

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